---
title: 1 Samuel 14:40 (JPS 1917) — Then said he unto all Israel: 'Be ye on one side, and I and Jonathan… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said he unto all Israel: 'Be ye on one side, and I and Jonathan my son will be on the other side.' And the people said unto Saul: 'Do what seemeth good unto thee.' Who acts: man, ye, I, people. 1 Samuel 14:40 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 14:40 · JPS 1917

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Then said he unto all Israel: 'Be ye on one side, and I and Jonathan my son will be on the other side.' And the people said unto Saul: 'Do what seemeth good unto thee.'

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**Who acts:** man, ye, I, people · **What happens:** say, be, do, seem · **To what, where:** one side, other side · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 14:40 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, ye, I, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:368
# text = Then said he unto all Israel: 'Be ye on one side, and I and Jonathan my son will be on the other side.' And the people said unto Saul: 'Do what seemeth good unto thee.'
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
9	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
10	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
21	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	cop	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
28	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
29	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj	_	_
32	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
33	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
35	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
36	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	37	punct	_	_
37	Do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	ccomp	_	_
38	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	39	nsubj	_	_
39	seemeth	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	ccomp	_	_
40	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	xcomp	_	_
41	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	37	punct	_	_
44	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	37	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: suggest
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed act=suggest

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | man |  |  |  | then | unto all Israel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | ye |  |  | one side and the other side |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | future | I |  |  | the other side |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the people |  |  |  |  | unto Saul | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **do** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **seem** | present |  |  |  |  |  | unto thee; good *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אַתֶּם֙ תִּֽהְיוּ֙ לְעֵ֣בֶר אֶחָ֔ד וַֽאֲנִי֙ וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנִ֔י נִהְיֶ֖ה לְעֵ֣בֶר אֶחָ֑ד וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ הָעָם֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ עֲשֵֽׂה׃ס

[1 Samuel 14:40: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.40/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:368` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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