--- title: 1 Samuel 14:43 (JPS 1917) — Then Saul said to Jonathan: 'Tell me what thou hast done.' And Jonat… · tree and pragmatics description: Then Saul said to Jonathan: 'Tell me what thou hast done.' And Jonathan told him, and said: 'I did certainly taste a little honey with the end of the rod that was in my hand; here am I: I will die.' Who acts: Saul, thou, Jonathan, I. 1 Samuel 14:43 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.371/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/) / [14:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.43/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 14:43 · JPS 1917 Then Saul said to Jonathan: 'Tell me what thou hast done.' And Jonathan told him, and said: 'I did certainly taste a little honey with the end of the rod that was in my hand; here am I: I will die.' **Who acts:** Saul, thou, Jonathan, I, rod · **What happens:** say, tell, do, taste, be, die · **To what, where:** Jonathan, me, Saul, little honey, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 14:43 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, thou, Jonathan, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:371 # text = Then Saul said to Jonathan: 'Tell me what thou hast done.' And Jonathan told him, and said: 'I did certainly taste a little honey with the end of the rod that was in my hand; here am I: I will die.' 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 advmod _ _ 2 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 8 Tell tell VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 9 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 iobj _ _ 10 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 13 obj _ _ 11 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 13 nsubj _ _ 12 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 ccomp _ _ 14 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ 15 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 8 punct _ _ 16 And and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 19 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 23 : : PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 24 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ _ 25 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 26 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 27 certainly certainly ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 taste taste VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 ccomp _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 honey honey NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 32 with with ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 rod rod NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 42 nsubj _ _ 39 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 cop _ _ 40 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 acl:relcl _ _ 43 ; ; PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 44 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 28 parataxis _ _ 45 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 cop _ _ 46 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 47 : : PUNCT : _ 50 punct _ _ 48 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 50 nsubj _ _ 49 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 50 aux _ _ 50 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 44 parataxis _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 28 punct _ _ 52 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 28 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: other - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul | | Jonathan | | then | | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to jonathan=Experiencer clause=Topic | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | | | me | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **do** | present · perfect | thou | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | | 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Jonathan | | Saul | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Jonathan *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **taste** | past · do-support | I | a little honey | | | with the end of the rod | certainly *property* | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme honey=Attribute | | 7 | **is** | past | the rod | | | my hand | | | tree rules | | 8 | **is** | present | I | | | | | here *property* | tree rules | | 9 | **die** | future | I | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־י֣וֹנָתָ֔ן הַגִּ֥ידָה לִּ֖י מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֑יתָה וַיַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ יוֹנָתָ֗ן וַיֹּאמֶר֩ טָעֹ֨ם טָעַ֜מְתִּי בִּקְצֵ֨ה הַמַּטֶּ֧ה אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָדִ֛י מְעַ֥ט דְּבַ֖שׁ הִנְנִ֥י אָמֽוּת׃ [1 Samuel 14:43: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.43/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:371` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:42 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.370/) - next →: [1 Samuel 14:44 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.372/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.43/)