--- title: 1 Samuel 15:24 (JPS 1917) — And Saul said unto Samuel: 'I have sinned; for I have transgressed t… · tree and pragmatics description: And Saul said unto Samuel: 'I have sinned; for I have transgressed the commandment of the LORD, and thy words; because I feared the people, and hearkened to their voice. Who acts: Saul, I, thy. 1 Samuel 15:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.408/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/15/) / [15:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.15.24/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 15:24 · JPS 1917 And Saul said unto Samuel: 'I have sinned; for I have transgressed the commandment of the LORD, and thy words; because I feared the people, and hearkened to their voice. **Who acts:** Saul, I, thy · **What happens:** say, sin, transgress, fear, hearken, command · **To what, where:** commandment, people, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 15:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, I, thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:408 # text = And Saul said unto Samuel: 'I have sinned; for I have transgressed the commandment of the LORD, and thy words; because I feared the people, and hearkened to their voice. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Samuel Samuel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 8 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 9 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 sinned sin VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 12 for for SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 14 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 transgressed transgress VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 advcl _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 commandment commandment NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 26 because because SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 feared fear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 hearkened hearken VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 34 to to ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul | | | | | unto Samuel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **sin** | present · perfect | I | | | | | | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **transgress** | present · perfect | I | the commandment of the LORD and thy words | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **fear** | past | I | the people | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus | | 5 | **hearken** | past | I *not said here* | | | | | to words's voice | tree rules | | 6 | **command** | | | the LORD | | | | | nom commandment «communication transitive»: of=patient | | 7 | **word** | | thy | | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֤וּל אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵל֙ חָטָ֔אתִי כִּֽי־עָבַ֥רְתִּי אֶת־פִּֽי־יְהוָ֖ה וְאֶת־דְּבָרֶ֑יךָ כִּ֤י יָרֵ֙אתִי֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם וָאֶשְׁמַ֖ע בְּקוֹלָֽם׃ [1 Samuel 15:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.15.24/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:408` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 15:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.407/) - next →: [1 Samuel 15:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.409/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 15:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.15.24/)