--- title: 1 Samuel 16:1 (JPS 1917) — And the LORD said unto Samuel: 'How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, s… · tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD said unto Samuel: 'How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite; for I have provided Me a king among his sons.' Who acts: LORD, thou, I. 1 Samuel 16:1 in JPS 1917 wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.422/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/16/) / [16:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.1/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 16:1 · JPS 1917 And the LORD said unto Samuel: 'How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite; for I have provided Me a king among his sons.' **Who acts:** LORD, thou, I · **What happens:** say, mourn, reject, be, fill, go · **To what, where:** LORD, Israel, horn, thee, Jesse, king · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 16:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:422 # text = And the LORD said unto Samuel: 'How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite; for I have provided Me a king among his sons.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Samuel Samuel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 8 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 9 How how ADV WRB PronType=Int 10 advmod _ _ 10 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 13 advmod _ _ 11 wilt will AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 12 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 13 nsubj _ _ 13 mourn mourn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _ 14 for for ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 seeing see SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 18 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 19 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 20 rejected reject VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 13 advcl _ _ 21 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 from from ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 cop _ _ 24 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 25 over over ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 27 ? ? PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ 28 fill fill VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 29 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 horn horn NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 with with ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 conj _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 37 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 38 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 send send VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 conj _ _ 40 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 39 obj _ _ 41 to to ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 Jesse Jesse PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 44 Beth Beth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 46 compound _ _ 45 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 44 punct _ _ 46 lehemite lehemite PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 appos _ _ 47 ; ; PUNCT : _ 51 punct _ _ 48 for for SCONJ IN _ 51 mark _ _ 49 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 50 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 51 provided provide VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 39 advcl _ _ 52 Me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 iobj _ _ 53 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obj _ _ 55 among among ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 57 nmod:poss _ _ 57 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 54 nmod _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 59 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: other - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=other | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD | | | | | unto Samuel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **mourn** | future | thou | | | | | for Saul; long *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for saul=Attribute | | 3 | **reject** | present · perfect | I | LORD | | | | | vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 4 | **is** | gerund | | | | Israel | | from king | tree rules | | 5 | **fill** | infinitive | | thy horn | | | | with oil | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent horn=Patient with oil=Instrument | | 6 | **go** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **send** | future | I | thee | Jesse | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thou=Theme to jesse=Destination | | 8 | **provide** | present · perfect | I | a king | Me | | | among LORD's sons | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Precondition i=Beneficiary king=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל עַד־מָתַי֙ אַתָּה֙ מִתְאַבֵּ֣ל אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַאֲנִ֣י מְאַסְתִּ֔יו מִמְּלֹ֖ךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מַלֵּ֨א קַרְנְךָ֜ שֶׁ֗מֶן וְלֵ֤ךְ אֶֽשְׁלָחֲךָ֙ אֶל־יִשַׁ֣י בֵּֽית־הַלַּחְמִ֔יבֵּֽית־הַלַּחְמִ֔י כִּֽי־רָאִ֧יתִי בְּבָנָ֛יו לִ֖י מֶֽלֶךְ׃ [1 Samuel 16:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.1/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:422` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 15:35 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.421/) - next →: [1 Samuel 16:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.423/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 16:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.1/)