--- title: 1 Samuel 16:11 (JPS 1917) — And Samuel said unto Jesse: 'Are here all thy children?' And he said… · tree and pragmatics description: And Samuel said unto Jesse: 'Are here all thy children?' And he said: 'There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep.' And Samuel said unto Jesse: 'Send and fetch him; for we will not sit down till he come hither.' Who acts: Samuel, children, youngest, we. 1 Samuel 16:11 in JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.436/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/16/) / [16:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.11/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 16:11 · JPS 1917 And Samuel said unto Jesse: 'Are here all thy children?' And he said: 'There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep.' And Samuel said unto Jesse: 'Send and fetch him; for we will not sit down till he come hither.' **Who acts:** Samuel, children, youngest, we · **What happens:** say, be, remain, keep, send, fetch · **To what, where:** sheep, Samuel · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 16:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Samuel, children, youngest, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:436 # text = And Samuel said unto Jesse: 'Are here all thy children?' And he said: 'There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep.' And Samuel said unto Jesse: 'Send and fetch him; for we will not sit down till he come hither.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Samuel Samuel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Jesse Jesse PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ _ 8 Are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 9 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 ccomp _ _ 10 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 12 det:predet _ _ 11 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 13 ? ? PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ 14 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ 15 And and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 18 : : PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 19 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ _ 20 There there PRON EX PronType=Dem 21 expl _ _ 21 remaineth remain VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 ccomp _ _ 22 yet yet ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 youngest youngest NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 behold behold INTJ UH _ 31 discourse _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 keepeth keep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 sheep sheep NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 31 punct _ _ 35 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ 36 And and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 Samuel Samuel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 38 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 39 unto unto ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 Jesse Jesse PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 41 : : PUNCT : _ 43 punct _ _ 42 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 43 punct _ _ 43 Send send VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 38 ccomp _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 fetch fetch VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 43 conj _ _ 46 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 obj _ _ 47 ; ; PUNCT : _ 52 punct _ _ 48 for for SCONJ IN _ 52 mark _ _ 49 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 50 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 52 aux _ _ 51 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 52 advmod _ _ 52 sit sit VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 43 advcl _ _ 53 down down ADP RP _ 52 compound:prt _ _ 54 till till SCONJ IN _ 56 mark _ _ 55 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 56 nsubj _ _ 56 come come VERB VBP Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 advcl _ _ 57 hither hither ADV RB _ 56 advmod _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 59 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Samuel | | | | | unto Jesse | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | thy children | | | | | here *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Samuel | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **remain** | present | the youngest | | | there | yet | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **keep** | present | Samuel | the sheep | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Samuel | | | | | unto Jesse | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **send** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **fetch** | infinitive | | Samuel | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 9 | **not** **sit down** | future | we | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **come** | present | Samuel | | | | | hither *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֣ל אֶל־יִשַׁי֮ הֲתַ֣מּוּ הַנְּעָרִים֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר ע֚וֹד שָׁאַ֣ר הַקָּטָ֔ן וְהִנֵּ֥ה רֹעֶ֖ה בַּצֹּ֑אן וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֤ל אֶל־יִשַׁי֙ שִׁלְחָ֣ה וְקָחֶ֔נּוּ כִּ֥י לֹא־נָסֹ֖ב עַד־בֹּא֥וֹ פֹֽה׃ [1 Samuel 16:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.11/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:436` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 16:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.435/) - next →: [1 Samuel 16:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.437/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 16:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.11/)