---
title: 1 Samuel 16:18 (JPS 1917) — Then answered one of the young men, and said: 'Behold, I have seen a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then answered one of the young men, and said: 'Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth-lehemite, that is skilful in playing, and a mighty man of valour, and a man of war, and prudent in affairs, and a comely person, and the LORD is with him.' Who acts: one, I, son, LORD. 1 Samuel 16:18 in JPS 19
---

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# 1 Samuel 16:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then answered one of the young men, and said: 'Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth-lehemite, that is skilful in playing, and a mighty man of valour, and a man of war, and prudent in affairs, and a comely person, and the LORD is with him.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** one, I, son, LORD · **What happens:** answer, say, see, be, play · **To what, where:** son, affairs · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 16:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, I, son, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:446
# text = Then answered one of the young men, and said: 'Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth-lehemite, that is skilful in playing, and a mighty man of valour, and a man of war, and prudent in affairs, and a comely person, and the LORD is with him.'
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
13	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	17	discourse	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	ccomp	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Jesse	Jesse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	_
25	lehemite	lehemite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	flat	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
29	skilful	skilful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	acl:relcl	_	_
30	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
31	playing	play	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	29	advcl	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	valour	valour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
47	prudent	prudent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	_
48	in	in	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	affairs	affair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	obl	_	_
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
52	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
53	comely	comely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	54	amod	_	_
54	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	61	punct	_	_
56	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	61	cc	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	61	nsubj	_	_
59	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	61	cop	_	_
60	with	with	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
61	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	conj	_	_
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
63	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | one of the young men |  |  |  | then |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | one of the young men *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **see** | present · perfect | I | a son of Jesse |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer son=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is** | present | a son of Jesse |  |  |  |  | skilful *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **play** | gerund | a son of Jesse *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **be** |  | a son of Jesse *not said here* |  |  | affairs |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **is** | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | with man | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּעַן֩ אֶחָ֨ד מֵהַנְּעָרִ֜ים וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּ֨ה רָאִ֜יתִי בֵּ֣ן לְיִשַׁי֮ בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִי֒ בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִי֒ יֹדֵ֣עַ נַ֠גֵּן וְגִבּ֨וֹר חַ֜יִל וְאִ֧ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֛ה וּנְב֥וֹן דָּבָ֖ר וְאִ֣ישׁ תֹּ֑אַר וַיהוָ֖ה עִמּֽוֹ׃

[1 Samuel 16:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:446` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Samuel 16:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.445/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 16:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.447/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 16:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.18/)