--- title: 1 Samuel 17:8 (JPS 1917) — And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them… · tree and pragmatics description: And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them: 'Why do ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me. Who acts: champion, ye, I, your. 1 Samuel 17:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.459/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/) / [17:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.8/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 17:8 · JPS 1917 And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them: 'Why do ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me. **Who acts:** champion, ye, I, your · **What happens:** stand, cry, say, come out, set, not be · **To what, where:** battle, array, Philistine, Saul, man, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 17:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (champion, ye, I, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:459 # text = And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them: 'Why do ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 6 unto unto ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 armies army NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 14 unto unto ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 17 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ _ 18 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 21 advmod _ _ 19 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 20 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 21 nsubj _ _ 21 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 ccomp _ _ 22 out out ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 set set VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 advcl _ _ 25 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 battle battle NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 array array NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 29 ? ? PUNCT . _ 21 punct _ _ 30 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 31 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 34 advmod _ _ 32 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 Philistine Philistine NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 ccomp _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 38 nsubj _ _ 38 servants servant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 conj _ _ 39 to to ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 41 ? ? PUNCT . _ 38 punct _ _ 42 choose choose VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 conj _ _ 43 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 42 iobj _ _ 44 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obj _ _ 46 for for ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 42 obl _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 49 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 50 let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 conj _ _ 51 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 obj _ _ 52 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 50 xcomp _ _ 53 down down ADV RB _ 52 advmod _ _ 54 to to ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 55 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 52 obl _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: disagree - voice: character - polarity: neg - indirect: yes - teacher: changed act=disagree | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stand** | past | champion | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | champion *not said here* | | | | | unto the armies of Israel | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | champion *not said here* | | | | | unto armies *= army* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **come out** | present · do-support | ye | | | | | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **set** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* | your battle | | array | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent battle=Theme in array=Destination | | 6 | **not** **is a** | present | I | a Philistine and servants | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **servant** | | ye | | Saul | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **choose** | infinitive | champion *not said here* | a man | you | | | for you | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary man=Theme | | 9 | **let** | infinitive | champion *not said here* | champion | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **come down** | infinitive | champion *not said here* | | me | | | down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to i=Initial\_Location | | 11 | **battle** | | your | | | | | | nom battle «act transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗ד וַיִּקְרָא֙ אֶל־מַעַרְכֹ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם לָ֥מָּה תֵצְא֖וּ לַעֲרֹ֣ךְ מִלְחָמָ֑ה הֲל֧וֹא אָנֹכִ֣י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י וְאַתֶּם֙ עֲבָדִ֣ים לְשָׁא֔וּל בְּרוּ־לָכֶ֥ם אִ֖ישׁ וְיֵרֵ֥ד אֵלָֽי׃ [1 Samuel 17:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.8/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:459` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 17:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.458/) - next →: [1 Samuel 17:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.460/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 17:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.8/)