---
title: 1 Samuel 17:11 (JPS 1917) — And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid. Who acts: Saul. 1 Samuel 17:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 17:11 · JPS 1917

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And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.

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**Who acts:** Saul · **What happens:** hear, dismay, word · **To what, where:** words, Saul, Philistine

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This is 1 Samuel 17:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:462
# text = And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
3	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
8	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Philistine	Philistine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	dismayed	dismay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | Saul and all Israel | that words of the Philistine |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus |
| 2 | **dismay** | past · passive |  | Saul |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 3 | **word** |  |  | the Philistine |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁאוּל֙ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּ וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד׃פ

[1 Samuel 17:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:462` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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