---
title: 1 Samuel 17:21 (JPS 1917) — And Israel and the Philistines put the battle in array, army against… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Israel and the Philistines put the battle in array, army against army. Who acts: Israel. 1 Samuel 17:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 17:21 · JPS 1917

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And Israel and the Philistines put the battle in array, army against army.

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**Who acts:** Israel · **What happens:** put · **To what, where:** battle, array

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This is 1 Samuel 17:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Israel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:472
# text = And Israel and the Philistines put the battle in array, army against army.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Philistines	Philistines	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	array	array	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
13	against	against	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | Israel and the Philistines | the battle |  | array |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent battle=Theme in array=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַתַּעֲרֹ֤ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מַעֲרָכָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את מַעֲרָכָֽה׃

[1 Samuel 17:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:472` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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