---
title: 1 Samuel 17:23 (JPS 1917) — And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Goliath by name, out of the ranks of the Philistines, and spoke according to the same words; and David heard them. Who acts: David, champion. 1 Samuel 17:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# 1 Samuel 17:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Goliath by name, out of the ranks of the Philistines, and spoke according to the same words; and David heard them.

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**Who acts:** David, champion · **What happens:** talk, come up, speak, accord, hear · **To what, where:** ranks, armies · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 17:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, champion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:474
# text = And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Goliath by name, out of the ranks of the Philistines, and spoke according to the same words; and David heard them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	11	discourse	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	11	expl	_	_
11	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	up	up	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	champion	champion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Philistine	Philistine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Gath	Gath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Goliath	Goliath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	out	out	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	ranks	rank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
35	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	39	case	_	_
36	to	to	ADP	IN	_	35	fixed	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
42	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
43	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
44	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obj	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | past | David |  |  |  |  | with armies *= army* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with they=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **come up** | past | the champion |  |  | the ranks of the Philistines; there |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out rank=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the champion *not said here* |  |  |  |  | accord the same words | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **hear** | past | David | armies *= army* |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְה֣וּא ׀ מְדַבֵּ֣ר עִמָּ֗ם וְהִנֵּ֣ה אִ֣ישׁ הַבֵּנַ֡יִם עוֹלֶ֞ה גָּלְיָת֩ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨י שְׁמ֤וֹ מִגַּת֙ מִמַּעַרְכ֣וֹתפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיְדַבֵּ֖ר כַּדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע דָּוִֽד׃

[1 Samuel 17:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:474` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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