--- title: 1 Samuel 17:28 (JPS 1917) — I know thy presumptuousness, and the naughtiness of thy heart; for t… · tree and pragmatics description: I know thy presumptuousness, and the naughtiness of thy heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle.' Who acts: I, thou. 1 Samuel 17:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.480/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/) / [17:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.28/) / JPS 2 # 1 Samuel 17:28 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 I know thy presumptuousness, and the naughtiness of thy heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle.' **Who acts:** I, thou · **What happens:** know, come down, see · **To what, where:** presumptuousness, battle This is 1 Samuel 17:28 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:480 # text = I know thy presumptuousness, and the naughtiness of thy heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle.' 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 nmod:poss _ _ 4 presumptuousness presumptuousness NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 naughtiness naughtiness NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 13 for for SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 14 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 16 nsubj _ _ 15 art be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 parataxis _ _ 17 down down ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 18 that that SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 19 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 21 nsubj _ _ 20 mightest might AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 battle battle NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ 25 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | present | I | thy presumptuousness and the naughtiness of thy heart | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer presumptuousness=Stimulus | | 2 | **come down** | present · passive | thou | | | | | down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **see** | might | thou | the battle | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer battle=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע אֱלִיאָב֙ אָחִ֣יו הַגָּד֔וֹל בְּדַבְּר֖וֹ אֶל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וַיִּֽחַר־אַף֩ אֱלִיאָ֨ב בְּדָוִ֜ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ לָמָּה־זֶּ֣ה יָרַ֗דְתָּ וְעַל־מִ֨י נָטַ֜שְׁתָּ מְעַ֨ט הַצֹּ֤אן הָהֵ֙נָּה֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר אֲנִ֧י יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶת־זְדֹנְךָ֗ וְאֵת֙ רֹ֣עַ לְבָבֶ֔ךָ כִּ֗י לְמַ֛עַן רְא֥וֹת הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה יָרָֽדְתָּ׃ [1 Samuel 17:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.28/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. [And Eliab his eldest brother heard when he spoke unto the men; and Eliab's anger was kindled against David, and he said: 'Why art thou come down? and with whom hast thou left those few sheep in the wilderness?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.479/) 2. **I know thy presumptuousness, and the naughtiness of thy heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle.'** **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:480` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 17:28 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.479/) - next →: [1 Samuel 17:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.481/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 17:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.28/)