---
title: 1 Samuel 17:32 (JPS 1917) — And David said to Saul: 'Let no man's heart fail within him; thy ser… · tree and pragmatics
description: And David said to Saul: 'Let no man's heart fail within him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine.' Who acts: David, heart, servant. 1 Samuel 17:32 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 17:32 · JPS 1917

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And David said to Saul: 'Let no man's heart fail within him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine.'

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**Who acts:** David, heart, servant · **What happens:** say, let, fail, go, fight · **To what, where:** Saul · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 17:32 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, heart, servant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:485
# text = And David said to Saul: 'Let no man's heart fail within him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	fail	fail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
14	within	within	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
19	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	25	det	_	_
25	Philistine	Philistine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
27	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: suggest
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David |  | Saul |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to saul=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fail** | infinitive | no man's heart |  |  |  |  | within David | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **go** | future | thy servant |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **fight** | infinitive | thy servant *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with this Philistine | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with philistine=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל אַל־יִפֹּ֥ל לֵב־אָדָ֖ם עָלָ֑יו עַבְדְּךָ֣ יֵלֵ֔ךְ וְנִלְחַ֖ם עִם־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֥י הַזֶּֽה׃

[1 Samuel 17:32: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.32/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:485` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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