---
title: 1 Samuel 17:41 (JPS 1917) — And the Philistine came nearer and nearer unto David; and the man th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the Philistine came nearer and nearer unto David; and the man that bore the shield went before him. Who acts: Philistine, man. 1 Samuel 17:41 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 17:41 · JPS 1917

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And the Philistine came nearer and nearer unto David; and the man that bore the shield went before him.

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**Who acts:** Philistine, man · **What happens:** come, bear, go · **To what, where:** shield

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This is 1 Samuel 17:41 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistine, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:495
# text = And the Philistine came nearer and nearer unto David; and the man that bore the shield went before him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Philistine	Philistine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	nearer	near	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	nearer	near	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	conj	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	shield	shield	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
19	before	before	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the Philistine |  |  |  |  | unto David; near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **bear** | past | the man | the shield |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shield=Patient |
| 3 | **go** | past | the man |  |  |  | before David |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before he=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י הֹלֵ֥ךְ וְקָרֵ֖ב אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד וְהָאִ֛ישׁ נֹשֵׂ֥א הַצִּנָּ֖ה לְפָנָֽיו׃

[1 Samuel 17:41: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.41/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:495` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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