---
title: 1 Samuel 17:45 (JPS 1917) — Then said David to the Philistine: 'Thou comest to me with a sword,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said David to the Philistine: 'Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin; but I come to thee in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast taunted. Who acts: David, Thou, I. 1 Samuel 17:45 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and th
---

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# 1 Samuel 17:45 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then said David to the Philistine: 'Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin; but I come to thee in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast taunted.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David, Thou, I · **What happens:** say, come, taunt, name · **To what, where:** me, name, God, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 17:45 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, Thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:499
# text = Then said David to the Philistine: 'Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin; but I come to thee in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast taunted.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Philistine	Philistine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
9	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nsubj	_	_
10	comest	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	javelin	javelin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	obl	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	nmod	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	appos	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	armies	army	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nmod	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	_
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
49	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	52	obj	_	_
50	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	52	nsubj	_	_
51	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	52	aux	_	_
52	taunted	taunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	42	acl:relcl	_	_
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David |  |  |  | then | to the Philistine | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to philistine=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 2 | **come** | present | Thou |  | me |  |  | with a sword and a spear and a javelin | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to i=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **come** | present | I |  |  | the name of the LORD of hosts |  | to thee | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to thou=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **taunt** | present · perfect | thou | the God of the armies of Israel |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Patient |
| 5 | **name** |  |  | the LORD of hosts |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אַתָּה֙ בָּ֣א אֵלַ֔י בְּחֶ֖רֶב וּבַחֲנִ֣ית וּבְכִיד֑וֹן וְאָנֹכִ֣י בָֽא־אֵלֶ֗יךָ בְּשֵׁם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֛י מַעַרְכ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר חֵרַֽפְתָּ׃

[1 Samuel 17:45: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.45/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:499` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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