--- title: 1 Samuel 17:48 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew ni… · tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hastened, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. Who acts: battle, Philistine, David. 1 Samuel 17:48 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.502/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/17/) / [17:48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.48/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 17:48 · JPS 1917 And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hastened, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. **Who acts:** battle, Philistine, David · **What happens:** come, pass, arise, draw, meet, hasten · **To what, where:** David, army, Philistine This is 1 Samuel 17:48 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (battle, Philistine, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:502 # text = And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hastened, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 when when SCONJ WRB _ 10 mark _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 Philistine Philistine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 arose arise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 drew draw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 16 nigh nigh ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 meet meet VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 advcl _ _ 19 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 that that SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 22 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 23 hastened hasten VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 27 toward toward ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 army army NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 meet meet VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 advcl _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 Philistine Philistine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | battle | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | battle *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **arise** | past | the Philistine | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **come** | past | the Philistine *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **draw** | past | the Philistine *not said here* | | | | | nigh *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **meet** | to-infinitive | the Philistine *not said here* | David | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent david=Co-Agent | | 7 | **hasten** | past | David | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **run** | past | David *not said here* | | | the army | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme toward army=Trajectory | | 9 | **meet** | to-infinitive | David *not said here* | the Philistine | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent philistine=Co-Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהָיָה֙ כִּֽי־קָ֣ם הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ וַיִּקְרַ֖ב לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֑ד וַיְמַהֵ֣ר דָּוִ֔ד וַיָּ֥רָץ הַמַּעֲרָכָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽי׃ [1 Samuel 17:48: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.48/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:502` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 17:47 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.501/) - next →: [1 Samuel 17:49 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.503/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 17:48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.48/)