---
title: 1 Samuel 17:58 (JPS 1917) — And Saul said to him: 'Whose son art thou, thou young man?' And Davi… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Saul said to him: 'Whose son art thou, thou young man?' And David answered: 'I am the son of thy servant Jesse the Beth-lehemite.' Who acts: Saul, David, I. 1 Samuel 17:58 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 17:58 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Saul said to him: 'Whose son art thou, thou young man?' And David answered: 'I am the son of thy servant Jesse the Beth-lehemite.'

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**Who acts:** Saul, David, I · **What happens:** say, answer, be · **To what, where:** David, son · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 17:58 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, David, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:514
# text = And Saul said to him: 'Whose son art thou, thou young man?' And David answered: 'I am the son of thy servant Jesse the Beth-lehemite.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
8	Whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nsubj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	vocative	_	_
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
17	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
18	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
22	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	_
23	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
24	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	ccomp	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	Jesse	Jesse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
32	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
33	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	34	punct	_	_
34	lehemite	lehemite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	appos	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
36	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=ask, form=wh, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul |  | David |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient |
| 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | David |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | I | the son |  |  |  | of thy servant | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ שָׁא֔וּל בֶּן־מִ֥י אַתָּ֖ה הַנָּ֑עַר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד בֶּֽן־עַבְדְּךָ֥ יִשַׁ֖י בֵּ֥ית הַלַּחְמִֽי בֵּ֥ית הַלַּחְמִֽי׃

[1 Samuel 17:58: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.58/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:514` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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