---
title: 1 Samuel 18:13 (JPS 1917) — Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people. Who acts: Saul. 1 Samuel 18:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 18:13 · JPS 1917

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Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people.

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**Who acts:** Saul · **What happens:** remove, make, go out, come in · **To what, where:** David, captain, Saul, thousand

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This is 1 Samuel 18:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:527
# text = Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	removed	remove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	over	over	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
20	out	out	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
23	in	in	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	before	before	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | past | Saul | David |  |  |  | from David; therefore *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent he=Theme from he=Source |
| 2 | **make** | past | Saul *not said here* | Saul's captain | Saul | a thousand |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset he=Beneficiary captain=Product |
| 3 | **go out** | past | Saul |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **come in** | past | Saul *not said here* |  |  |  | before the people |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before people=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְסִרֵ֤הוּ שָׁאוּל֙ מֵֽעִמּ֔וֹ וַיְשִׂמֵ֥הוּ ל֖וֹ שַׂר־אָ֑לֶף וַיֵּצֵ֥א וַיָּבֹ֖א לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם׃פ

[1 Samuel 18:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:527` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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