---
title: 1 Samuel 18:28 (JPS 1917) — And Saul saw and knew that the LORD was with David; and Michal Saul'… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Saul saw and knew that the LORD was with David; and Michal Saul's daughter loved him. Who acts: Saul, LORD, daughter. 1 Samuel 18:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 18:28 · JPS 1917

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And Saul saw and knew that the LORD was with David; and Michal Saul's daughter loved him.

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**Who acts:** Saul, LORD, daughter · **What happens:** see, know, be, love · **To what, where:** Saul · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 18:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, LORD, daughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:545
# text = And Saul saw and knew that the LORD was with David; and Michal Saul's daughter loved him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	ccomp	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	Michal	Michal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	_
15	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	_
16	's	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Saul |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **know** | past | Saul *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | past | the LORD |  |  |  |  | with David | tree rules |
| 4 | **love** | past | Michal's daughter | Saul |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיַּ֤רְא שָׁאוּל֙ וַיֵּ֔דַע כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עִם־דָּוִ֑ד וּמִיכַ֥ל בַּת־שָׁא֖וּל אֲהֵבַֽתְהוּ׃

[1 Samuel 18:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.28/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:545` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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