---
title: 1 Samuel 19:5 (JPS 1917) — for he put his life in his hand, and smote the Philistine, and the L… · tree and pragmatics
description: for he put his life in his hand, and smote the Philistine, and the LORD wrought a great victory for all Israel; thou sawest it, and didst rejoice; wherefore then wilt thou sin against innocent blood, to slay David without a cause?' Who acts: David, LORD, thou. 1 Samuel 19:5 in JPS 1917 with its depe
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.552/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/19/) / [19:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.5/) / JPS 1

# 1 Samuel 19:5 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
for he put his life in his hand, and smote the Philistine, and the LORD wrought a great victory for all Israel; thou sawest it, and didst rejoice; wherefore then wilt thou sin against innocent blood, to slay David without a cause?'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David, LORD, thou · **What happens:** put, smote, wrought, see, rejoice, sin · **To what, where:** life, hand, Philistine, great victory, victory, David

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 19:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, LORD, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:552
# text = for he put his life in his hand, and smote the Philistine, and the LORD wrought a great victory for all Israel; thou sawest it, and didst rejoice; wherefore then wilt thou sin against innocent blood, to slay David without a cause?'
1	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	smote	smote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Philistine	philistine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	wrought	wrought	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	24	det	_	_
24	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
26	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	nsubj	_	_
27	sawest	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	didst	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	conj	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
34	wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	38	advmod	_	_
35	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	38	advmod	_	_
36	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	nsubj	_	_
38	sin	sin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
39	against	against	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
43	to	to	PART	TO	_	44	mark	_	_
44	slay	slay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	advcl	_	_
45	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	_
46	without	without	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
49	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
50	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | David | David's life |  | David's hand |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent life=Theme in hand=Destination |
| 2 | **smote** | past | David *not said here* | the Philistine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **wrought** | past | the LORD | a great victory |  |  |  | for all Israel | tree rules |
| 4 | **see** | past | thou | victory |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 5 | **rejoice** | past · do-support | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **sin** | future | thou |  |  |  | then | against innocent blood; wherefore *property* | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against blood=Maleficiary |
| 7 | **slay** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | David |  |  |  | without a cause | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent david=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּשֶׂם֩ אֶת־נַפְשׁ֨וֹ בְכַפּ֜וֹ וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י וַיַּ֨עַשׂ יְהוָ֜ה תְּשׁוּעָ֤ה גְדוֹלָה֙ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רָאִ֖יתָ וַתִּשְׂמָ֑ח וְלָ֤מָּה תֶֽחֱטָא֙ בְּדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י לְהָמִ֥ית אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד חִנָּֽם׃

[1 Samuel 19:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.5/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:552` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Samuel 19:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.551/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 19:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.553/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 19:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.5/)