--- title: 1 Samuel 19:11 (JPS 1917) — And Saul sent messengers unto David's house, to watch him, and to sl… · tree and pragmatics description: And Saul sent messengers unto David's house, to watch him, and to slay him in the morning; and Michal David's wife told him, saying: 'If thou save not thy life to-night, to-morrow thou shalt be slain.' Who acts: Saul, wife, thou. 1 Samuel 19:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.559/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/19/) / [19:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.11/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 19:11 · JPS 1917 And Saul sent messengers unto David's house, to watch him, and to slay him in the morning; and Michal David's wife told him, saying: 'If thou save not thy life to-night, to-morrow thou shalt be slain.' **Who acts:** Saul, wife, thou · **What happens:** send, watch, slay, tell, say, not save · **To what, where:** messengers, Saul, life, thou · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 19:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, wife, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:559 # text = And Saul sent messengers unto David's house, to watch him, and to slay him in the morning; and Michal David's wife told him, saying: 'If thou save not thy life to-night, to-morrow thou shalt be slain.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 sent send VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 messengers messenger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod:poss _ _ 7 's 's PART POS _ 6 case _ _ 8 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 watch watch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 12 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 slay slay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 17 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 morning morning NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 23 Michal Michal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 appos _ _ 24 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod:poss _ _ 25 's 's PART POS _ 24 case _ _ 26 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 27 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 28 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 iobj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 30 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 27 advcl _ _ 31 : : PUNCT : _ 49 punct _ _ 32 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 49 punct _ _ 33 If if SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 35 nsubj _ _ 35 save save VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 advcl _ _ 36 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 35 advmod _ _ 37 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 39 to to ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 41 punct _ _ 41 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 43 to to ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 43 punct _ _ 45 morrow morrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obl _ _ 46 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 49 nsubj:pass _ _ 47 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 48 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 49 aux:pass _ _ 49 slain slain VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 27 ccomp _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 51 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **send** | past | Saul | messengers | | | | unto David's house | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme | | 2 | **watch** | to-infinitive | Saul *not said here* | Saul | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 3 | **slay** | to-infinitive | Saul *not said here* | Saul | | | morning | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | | 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | David's wife | | Saul | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | David's wife *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **not** **save** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | thou | thy life | | | night | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | | 7 | **slain** | shall · passive | | thou | | | | to morrow | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ שָׁא֨וּל מַלְאָכִ֜ים אֶל־בֵּ֤ית דָּוִד֙ לְשָׁמְר֔וֹ וְלַהֲמִית֖וֹ בַּבֹּ֑קֶר וַתַּגֵּ֣ד לְדָוִ֗ד מִיכַ֤ל אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אִם־אֵ֨ינְךָ֜ מְמַלֵּ֤ט אֶֽת־נַפְשְׁךָ֙ הַלַּ֔יְלָה מָחָ֖ר אַתָּ֥ה מוּמָֽת׃ [1 Samuel 19:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.11/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:559` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 19:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.558/) - next →: [1 Samuel 19:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.560/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 19:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.11/)