---
title: 1 Samuel 2:25 (JPS 1917) — If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man si… · tree and pragmatics
description: If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man sin against the LORD, who shall entreat for him?' But they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them. Who acts: one man, God, man, men. 1 Samuel 2:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pr
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.56/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/2/) / [2:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.25/) / JPS 1

# 1 Samuel 2:25 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man sin against the LORD, who shall entreat for him?' But they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** one man, God, man, men, LORD · **What happens:** sin, judge, entreat, not hearken, slay · **To what, where:** LORD, men

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 2:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one man, God, man, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:56
# text = If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man sin against the LORD, who shall entreat for him?' But they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sin	sin	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	another	another	PRON	DT	PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	judge	judge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	sin	sin	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	_
18	against	against	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	entreat	entreat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
27	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
28	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
29	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	hearkened	hearken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
32	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
33	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
40	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	nsubj	_	_
43	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
44	slay	slay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	advcl	_	_
45	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	obj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sin** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | one man |  |  |  |  | against another | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against another=Maleficiary |
| 2 | **judge** | shall | God | LORD |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent he=Value |
| 3 | **sin** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a man |  |  |  |  | against the LORD | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against lord=Maleficiary |
| 4 | **entreat** | shall |  |  |  |  |  | for LORD | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **not** **hearken** | past | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | unto the voice of men's father | tree rules |
| 6 | **slay** | would | the LORD | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אִם־יֶחֱטָ֨א אִ֤ישׁ לְאִישׁ֙ וּפִֽלְל֣וֹ אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְאִ֤ם לַֽיהוָה֙ יֶֽחֱטָא־אִ֔ישׁ מִ֖י יִתְפַּלֶּל־ל֑וֹ וְלֹ֤א יִשְׁמְעוּ֙ לְק֣וֹל אֲבִיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־חָפֵ֥ץ יְהוָ֖ה לַהֲמִיתָֽם׃

[1 Samuel 2:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.25/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:56` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Samuel 2:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.55/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 2:26 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.57/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 2:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.25/)