---
title: 1 Samuel 19:14 (JPS 1917) — And when Saul sent messengers to take David, she said: 'He is sick.' · tree and pragmatics
description: And when Saul sent messengers to take David, she said: 'He is sick.' Who acts: Saul, Michal. 1 Samuel 19:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 19:14 · JPS 1917

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And when Saul sent messengers to take David, she said: 'He is sick.'

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**Who acts:** Saul, Michal · **What happens:** send, take, say, be · **To what, where:** messengers, David · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 19:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, Michal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:562
# text = And when Saul sent messengers to take David, she said: 'He is sick.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
5	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
8	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
10	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
14	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
18	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Saul | messengers |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | to-infinitive | Saul *not said here* |  | David |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument david=Destination |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Michal |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | Saul |  |  |  |  | sick *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח שָׁא֛וּל מַלְאָכִ֖ים לָקַ֣חַת אֶת־דָּוִ֑ד וַתֹּ֖אמֶר חֹלֶ֥ה הֽוּא׃פ

[1 Samuel 19:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:562` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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