---
title: 1 Samuel 19:17 (JPS 1917) — And Saul said unto Michal: 'Why hast thou deceived me thus, and let… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Saul said unto Michal: 'Why hast thou deceived me thus, and let mine enemy go, that he is escaped?' And Michal answered Saul: 'He said unto me: Let me go; why should I kill thee?' Who acts: Saul, thou, enemy, Michal. 1 Samuel 19:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# 1 Samuel 19:17 · JPS 1917

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And Saul said unto Michal: 'Why hast thou deceived me thus, and let mine enemy go, that he is escaped?' And Michal answered Saul: 'He said unto me: Let me go; why should I kill thee?'

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**Who acts:** Saul, thou, enemy, Michal, me, I · **What happens:** say, deceive, let, go, escape, answer · **To what, where:** me, enemy, Saul, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 19:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, thou, enemy, Michal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:565
# text = And Saul said unto Michal: 'Why hast thou deceived me thus, and let mine enemy go, that he is escaped?' And Michal answered Saul: 'He said unto me: Let me go; why should I kill thee?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Michal	Michal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
8	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
9	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
11	deceived	deceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
12	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
17	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	escaped	escape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	advcl	_	_
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
26	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
27	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	Michal	Michal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
30	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
31	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
32	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	_
33	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	ccomp	_	_
35	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	obl	_	_
37	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
38	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	ccomp	_	_
39	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	obj	_	_
40	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	xcomp	_	_
41	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	45	punct	_	_
42	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	45	advmod	_	_
43	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	45	aux	_	_
44	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
45	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	parataxis	_	_
46	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	45	obj	_	_
47	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	38	punct	_	_
48	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: disagree
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed act=disagree, indirect=1

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul |  |  |  |  | unto Michal | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **deceive** | present · perfect | thou | me |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive | thou *not said here* | mine enemy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **go** | infinitive | mine enemy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **escape** | present · passive |  | Saul |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Michal |  | Saul |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul |  |  |  |  | unto me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 8 | **let** | infinitive |  | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **go** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **kill** | should | I | thee |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־מִיכַ֗ל לָ֤מָּה כָּ֙כָה֙ רִמִּיתִ֔נִי וַתְּשַׁלְּחִ֥י אֶת־אֹיְבִ֖י וַיִּמָּלֵ֑ט וַתֹּ֤אמֶר מִיכַל֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הוּא־אָמַ֥ר אֵלַ֛י שַׁלְּחִ֖נִי לָמָ֥ה אֲמִיתֵֽךְ׃

[1 Samuel 19:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:565` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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