--- title: 1 Samuel 20:2 (JPS 1917) — And he said unto him: 'Far from it; thou shalt not die; behold, my f… · tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto him: 'Far from it; thou shalt not die; behold, my father doeth nothing either great or small, but that he discloseth it unto me; and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.' Who acts: David, thou, father, sin. 1 Samuel 20:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.577/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / [20:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.2/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 20:2 · JPS 1917 And he said unto him: 'Far from it; thou shalt not die; behold, my father doeth nothing either great or small, but that he discloseth it unto me; and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.' **Who acts:** David, thou, father, sin · **What happens:** say, not die, do, disclose, hide, not be · **To what, where:** nothing, sin, thing · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 20:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, thou, father, sin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:577 # text = And he said unto him: 'Far from it; thou shalt not die; behold, my father doeth nothing either great or small, but that he discloseth it unto me; and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 8 Far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 3 parataxis _ _ 9 from from ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 12 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nsubj _ _ 13 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 14 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 15 advmod _ _ 15 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 17 behold behold INTJ UH _ 21 discourse _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 19 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 doeth do VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 22 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 21 obj _ _ 23 either either CCONJ CC _ 24 cc:preconj _ _ 24 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 25 or or CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 but but CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 29 that that SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 discloseth disclose VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ _ 33 unto unto ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 37 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 41 advmod _ _ 38 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 39 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ _ 41 hide hide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 conj _ _ 42 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 43 det _ _ 43 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ _ 44 from from ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 45 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 obl _ _ 46 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 47 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 nsubj _ _ 48 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 50 cop _ _ 49 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 50 advmod _ _ 50 so so ADV RB _ 3 parataxis _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 52 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: evaluate - voice: character - polarity: neg - indirect: yes - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David | | | | | unto Jonathan | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **not** **die** | shall | thou | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **do** | present | my father | nothing | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality | | 4 | **disclose** | present | David | sin | | | | unto me | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Topic | | 5 | **hide** | should | my father | this thing | | | | from me | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent thing=Patient from i=Beneficiary | | 6 | **not** **is** | present | sin | | | | | so *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ל֣וֹ חָלִילָה֮ לֹ֣א תָמוּת֒ הִנֵּ֡ה לֹֽא־יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אָבִ֜י דָּבָ֣ר גָּד֗וֹל א֚וֹ דָּבָ֣ר קָטֹ֔ן וְלֹ֥א יִגְלֶ֖ה אֶת־אָזְנִ֑י וּמַדּוּעַ֩ יַסְתִּ֨יר אָבִ֥י מִמֶּ֛נִּי אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה אֵ֥ין זֹֽאת׃ [1 Samuel 20:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.2/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:577` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.576/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.578/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.2/)