--- title: 1 Samuel 20:17 (JPS 1917) — And Jonathan caused David to swear again, for the love that he had t… · tree and pragmatics description: And Jonathan caused David to swear again, for the love that he had to him; for he loved him as he loved his own soul. Who acts: Jonathan, David. 1 Samuel 20:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.592/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / [20:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.17/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 20:17 · JPS 1917 And Jonathan caused David to swear again, for the love that he had to him; for he loved him as he loved his own soul. **Who acts:** Jonathan, David · **What happens:** cause, swear, have, love · **To what, where:** David, love, own soul This is 1 Samuel 20:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:592 # text = And Jonathan caused David to swear again, for the love that he had to him; for he loved him as he loved his own soul. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 swear swear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 7 again again ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 for for SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 love love NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 12 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 obj _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ _ 15 to to ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 18 for for SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 19 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 loved love VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 21 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 as as SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 23 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 loved love VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 advcl _ _ 25 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 26 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 soul soul NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cause** | past | Jonathan | David | | | | the love *obl* | tree rules | | 2 | **swear** | to-infinitive | David *not said here* | | | | again | | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **have** | past | Jonathan | the love | David | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient | | 4 | **love** | past | Jonathan | David | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | | 5 | **love** | past | Jonathan | Jonathan's own soul | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer soul=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיּ֤וֹסֶף יְהֽוֹנָתָן֙ לְהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד בְּאַהֲבָת֖וֹ אֹת֑וֹ כִּֽי־אַהֲבַ֥ת נַפְשׁ֖וֹ אֲהֵבֽוֹ׃ס [1 Samuel 20:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.17/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:592` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.591/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.593/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.17/)