--- title: 1 Samuel 20:21 (JPS 1917) — If I say unto the lad: Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee;… · tree and pragmatics description: If I say unto the lad: Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee; take them, and come; for there is peace to thee and no hurt, as the LORD liveth. Who acts: I, arrows, peace, LORD. 1 Samuel 20:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.597/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / [20:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.21/) / JPS 2 # 1 Samuel 20:21 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 If I say unto the lad: Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee; take them, and come; for there is peace to thee and no hurt, as the LORD liveth. **Who acts:** I, arrows, peace, LORD · **What happens:** say, be, take, come, live · **To what, where:** side, arrows · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 20:21 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, arrows, peace, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:597 # text = If I say unto the lad: Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee; take them, and come; for there is peace to thee and no hurt, as the LORD liveth. 1 If if SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 advcl _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 lad lad NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 8 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 15 discourse _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 arrows arrow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 12 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 13 on on ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 15 det _ _ 15 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nmod _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 19 take take VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 15 parataxis _ _ 20 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 come come VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 25 for for SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 26 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 27 expl _ _ 27 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 advcl _ _ 28 peace peace NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 28 nmod _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 33 det _ _ 33 hurt hurt NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 35 as as SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 38 liveth live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *a condition, not said to happen* | present | I | | | | | unto the lad | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | the arrows | | | this side | | of thee | tree rules | | 3 | **take** | infinitive | | arrows *= arrow* | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 4 | **come** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **does** | present | peace to thee and no hurt | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **live** | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהִנֵּה֙ אֶשְׁלַ֣ח אֶת־הַנַּ֔עַר לֵ֖ךְ מְצָ֣א אֶת־הַחִצִּ֑ים אִם־אָמֹר֩ אֹמַ֨ר לַנַּ֜עַר הִנֵּ֥ה הַחִצִּ֣ים ׀ מִמְּךָ֣ וָהֵ֗נָּה קָחֶ֧נּוּ ׀ וָבֹ֛אָה כִּֽי־שָׁל֥וֹם לְךָ֛ וְאֵ֥ין דָּבָ֖ר חַי־יְהוָֽה׃ [1 Samuel 20:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.21/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. [And, behold, I will send the lad: Go, find the arrows.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.596/) 2. **If I say unto the lad: Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee; take them, and come; for there is peace to thee and no hurt, as the LORD liveth.** **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:597` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.596/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.598/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.21/)