--- title: 1 Samuel 20:25 (JPS 1917) — And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon the sea… · tree and pragmatics description: And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon the seat by the wall; and Jonathan stood up, and Abner sat by Saul's side; but David's place was empty. Who acts: king, Jonathan, Abner, place. 1 Samuel 20:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.601/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / [20:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.25/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 20:25 · JPS 1917 And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon the seat by the wall; and Jonathan stood up, and Abner sat by Saul's side; but David's place was empty. **Who acts:** king, Jonathan, Abner, place · **What happens:** sit, stand up, be · **To what, where:** seat This is 1 Samuel 20:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, Jonathan, Abner, place), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:601 # text = And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon the seat by the wall; and Jonathan stood up, and Abner sat by Saul's side; but David's place was empty. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 upon upon ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 seat seat NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 as as ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 at at ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 even even ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 15 upon upon ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 seat seat NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 18 by by ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 wall wall NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 24 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 25 up up ADP RP _ 24 compound:prt _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 Abner Abner PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 29 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 30 by by ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 nmod:poss _ _ 32 's 's PART POS _ 31 case _ _ 33 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 35 but but CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 36 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 nmod:poss _ _ 37 's 's PART POS _ 36 case _ _ 38 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 39 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 empty empty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sit** | past | the king | | | king's seat upon the seat by the wall | time | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon seat=Location | | 2 | **stand up** | past | Jonathan | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **sit** | past | Abner | | | | | by Saul's side | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by side=Location | | 4 | **is** | past | David's place | | | | | empty *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ עַל־מ֨וֹשָׁב֜וֹ כְּפַ֣עַם ׀ בְּפַ֗עַם אֶל־מוֹשַׁב֙ הַקִּ֔יר וַיָּ֙קָם֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אַבְנֵ֖ר מִצַּ֣ד שָׁא֑וּל וַיִּפָּקֵ֖ד מְק֥וֹם דָּוִֽד׃ [1 Samuel 20:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.25/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:601` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.600/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:26 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.602/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.25/)