---
title: 1 Samuel 20:26 (JPS 1917) — Nevertheless Saul spoke not any thing that day; for he thought: 'Som… · tree and pragmatics
description: Nevertheless Saul spoke not any thing that day; for he thought: 'Something hath befallen him, he is unclean; surely he is not clean.' Who acts: Saul, Something. 1 Samuel 20:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 20:26 · JPS 1917

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Nevertheless Saul spoke not any thing that day; for he thought: 'Something hath befallen him, he is unclean; surely he is not clean.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Saul, Something · **What happens:** not speak, think, befall, be, not be · **To what, where:** thing, Saul · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 20:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, Something), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:602
# text = Nevertheless Saul spoke not any thing that day; for he thought: 'Something hath befallen him, he is unclean; surely he is not clean.'
1	Nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
15	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	17	nsubj	_	_
16	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	befallen	befall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	parataxis	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
24	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
28	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | past | Saul | any thing |  |  | day | nevertheless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Saul |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **befall** | present · perfect | Something | Saul |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | Saul |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **is** | present | Saul |  |  |  |  | clean, surely *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְלֹֽא־דִבֶּ֥ר שָׁא֛וּל מְא֖וּמָה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא כִּ֤י אָמַר֙ מִקְרֶ֣ה ה֔וּא בִּלְתִּ֥י טָה֛וֹר ה֖וּא כִּֽי־לֹ֥א טָהֽוֹר׃ס

[1 Samuel 20:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.26/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:602` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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