---
title: 1 Samuel 20:30 (JPS 1917) — Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him: 'Thou son of perverse rebellion, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness? Who acts: David, I, thou, Saul. 1 Samuel 20:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency
---

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# 1 Samuel 20:30 · JPS 1917

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Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him: 'Thou son of perverse rebellion, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness?

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**Who acts:** David, I, thou, Saul, thine · **What happens:** kindle, say, not know, choose, anger, shame · **To what, where:** anger, son, nakedness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 20:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, I, thou, Saul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:607
# text = Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him: 'Thou son of perverse rebellion, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness?
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	_
17	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	det	_	_
18	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	vocative	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	perverse	perverse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	rebellion	rebellion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
27	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
28	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	nsubj	_	_
29	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	ccomp	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Jesse	Jesse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	nmod:poss	_	_
37	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
41	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	conj	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
45	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nmod:poss	_	_
47	's	's	PART	POS	_	46	case	_	_
48	nakedness	nakedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	_
49	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed act=assert, polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | past · passive |  | Saul's anger |  |  | then | against Jonathan | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David |  |  |  |  | unto Saul | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | I |  |  |  |  | thou son of perverse rebellion *vocative* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **choose** | present · perfect | thou | the son of Jesse |  |  |  | to thine own shame and the shame of thy mother's nakedness | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Theme |
| 5 | **anger** |  | Saul |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 6 | **shame** |  | thine |  |  |  |  |  | nom shame «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
| 7 | **shame** |  |  | thy mother's nakedness |  |  |  |  | nom shame «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֤ף שָׁאוּל֙ בִּיה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔וֹ בֶּֽן־נַעֲוַ֖ת הַמַּרְדּ֑וּת הֲל֣וֹא יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּֽי־בֹחֵ֤ר אַתָּה֙ לְבֶן־יִשַׁ֔י לְבָ֨שְׁתְּךָ֔ וּלְבֹ֖שֶׁת עֶרְוַ֥ת אִמֶּֽךָ׃

[1 Samuel 20:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.30/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:607` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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