--- title: 1 Samuel 20:33 (JPS 1917) — And Saul cast his spear at him to smite him; whereby Jonathan knew t… · tree and pragmatics description: And Saul cast his spear at him to smite him; whereby Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to put David to death. Who acts: Saul, Jonathan, father. 1 Samuel 20:33 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.611/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / [20:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.33/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 20:33 · JPS 1917 And Saul cast his spear at him to smite him; whereby Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to put David to death. **Who acts:** Saul, Jonathan, father · **What happens:** cast, smite, know, determine, put · **To what, where:** spear, Saul, David · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 20:33 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, Jonathan, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:611 # text = And Saul cast his spear at him to smite him; whereby Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to put David to death. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 cast cast VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 spear spear NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 at at ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 smite smite VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 10 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 12 whereby whereby ADV WRB PronType=Int 14 advmod _ _ 13 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 15 that that SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 16 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 expl _ _ 17 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 determined determine VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 ccomp _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl:agent _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 xcomp _ _ 24 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cast** | past | Saul | Saul's spear | | | | at Jonathan | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent spear=Theme at he=Destination | | 2 | **smite** | to-infinitive | Saul *not said here* | Saul | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | | 3 | **know** | past | Jonathan | | | | | whereby *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **determine** | past · passive | Jonathan's father | spear | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **put** | to-infinitive | Jonathan's father *not said here* | | David | | | to death | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent david=Goal | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיָּ֨טֶל שָׁא֧וּל אֶֽת־הַחֲנִ֛ית עָלָ֖יו לְהַכֹּת֑וֹ וַיֵּ֙דַע֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן כִּֽי־כָ֥לָה הִ֛יא מֵעִ֥ם אָבִ֖יו לְהָמִ֥ית אֶת־דָּוִֽד׃ס [1 Samuel 20:33: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.33/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:611` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.610/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:34 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.612/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.33/)