--- title: 1 Samuel 20:36 (JPS 1917) — And he said unto his lad: 'Run, find now the arrows which I shoot.'… · tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto his lad: 'Run, find now the arrows which I shoot.' And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. Who acts: Jonathan, I, lad. 1 Samuel 20:36 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.614/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/20/) / [20:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.36/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 20:36 · JPS 1917 And he said unto his lad: 'Run, find now the arrows which I shoot.' And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. **Who acts:** Jonathan, I, lad · **What happens:** say, run, find, shoot · **To what, where:** arrows, arrow · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 20:36 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, I, lad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:614 # text = And he said unto his lad: 'Run, find now the arrows which I shoot.' And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 lad lad NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 8 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ _ 9 Run run VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ _ 12 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 11 advmod _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 arrows arrow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 15 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 17 obj _ _ 16 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 shoot shoot VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl:relcl _ _ 18 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ 19 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ 20 And and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 21 as as SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 lad lad NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 24 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 shot shoot VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 28 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 arrow arrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 beyond beyond ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Jonathan | | | | | unto Jonathan's lad | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **run** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **find** | infinitive | | the arrows | | | now | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrow=Topic | | 4 | **shoot** | present | I | the arrows | | | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme | | 5 | **run** | past | the lad | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **shoot** | past | Jonathan | a arrow | | | | beyond lad | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent arrow=Theme beyond he=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְנַעֲר֔וֹ רֻ֗ץ מְצָ֥א נָא֙ אֶת־הַ֣חִצִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אָנֹכִ֖י מוֹרֶ֑ה הַנַּ֣עַר רָ֔ץ וְהֽוּא־יָרָ֥ה הַחֵ֖צִי לְהַעֲבִרֽוֹ׃ [1 Samuel 20:36: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.36/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:614` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 20:35 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.613/) - next →: [1 Samuel 20:37 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.615/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 20:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.36/)