---
title: 1 Samuel 2:31 (JPS 1917) — Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thy house. Who acts: days, I. 1 Samuel 2:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 2:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thy house.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** days, I · **What happens:** come, cut off · **To what, where:** arm

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 2:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (days, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:62
# text = Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thy house.
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	's	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
25	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	28	expl	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
29	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | days |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut off** | future | I | thine arm and the arm of thy father's house |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector arm=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הִנֵּה֙ יָמִ֣ים בָּאִ֔ים וְגָֽדַעְתִּי֙ אֶת־זְרֹ֣עֲךָ֔ וְאֶת־זְרֹ֖עַ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑יךָ מִֽהְי֥וֹת זָקֵ֖ן בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ׃

[1 Samuel 2:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:62` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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