--- title: 1 Samuel 21:3 (JPS 1917) — And David said unto Ahimelech the priest: 'The king hath commanded m… · tree and pragmatics description: And David said unto Ahimelech the priest: 'The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me: Let no man know any thing of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee; and the young men have I appointed to such and such a place. Who acts: David, king, man, I. 1 Sam --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.622/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/21/) / [21:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.3/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 21:3 · JPS 1917 And David said unto Ahimelech the priest: 'The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me: Let no man know any thing of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee; and the young men have I appointed to such and such a place. **Who acts:** David, king, man, I · **What happens:** say, command, let, know, send, appoint · **To what, where:** business, me, man, thing, thee, young men · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 21:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, king, man, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:622 # text = And David said unto Ahimelech the priest: 'The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me: Let no man know any thing of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee; and the young men have I appointed to such and such a place. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Ahimelech Ahimelech PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 priest priest NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 9 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 10 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 12 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 commanded command VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 14 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 iobj _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 business business NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 20 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 13 conj _ _ 21 unto unto ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ _ 23 : : PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 24 Let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 ccomp _ _ 25 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 26 det _ _ 26 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 xcomp _ _ 28 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 29 det _ _ 29 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 business business NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 33 whereabout whereabout ADV WRB PronType=Rel 35 advmod _ _ 34 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 send send VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ _ 36 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 35 obj _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 39 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 42 obj _ _ 40 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 41 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 42 commanded command VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 35 conj _ _ 43 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 42 obj _ _ 44 ; ; PUNCT : _ 51 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 47 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 48 amod _ _ 48 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 obj _ _ 49 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 50 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 51 appointed appoint VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 52 to to ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 53 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 57 amod _ _ 54 and and CCONJ CC _ 55 cc _ _ 55 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 conj _ _ 56 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David | | | | | unto Ahimelech | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **command** | present · perfect | the king | a business | me | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · perfect | the king *not said here* | | | | | unto me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **let** | infinitive | | no man | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **know** | infinitive | no man *not said here* | any thing of the business | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | | 6 | **send** | present | I | thee | | | | whereabout *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme | | 7 | **command** | present · perfect | I | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **appoint** | present · perfect | I | the young men | | | | to a such place | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent man=Theme to place=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד לַאֲחִימֶ֣לֶךְ הַכֹּהֵ֗ן הַמֶּלֶךְ֮ צִוַּ֣נִי דָבָר֒ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י אִ֣ישׁ אַל־יֵ֧דַע מְא֛וּמָה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֛ר אֲשֶׁר־אָנֹכִ֥י שֹׁלֵֽחֲךָ֖ וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוִּיתִ֑ךָ וְאֶת־הַנְּעָרִ֣ים יוֹדַ֔עְתִּי אֶל־מְק֥וֹם פְּלֹנִ֖י אַלְמוֹנִֽי׃ [1 Samuel 21:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:622` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 21:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.621/) - next →: [1 Samuel 21:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.623/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 21:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.3/)