---
title: 1 Samuel 22:12 (JPS 1917) — And Saul said: 'Hear now, thou son of Ahitub.' And he answered: 'Her… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Saul said: 'Hear now, thou son of Ahitub.' And he answered: 'Here I am, my lord.' Who acts: Saul, thou, son, I. 1 Samuel 22:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.648/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/22/) / [22:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.12/) / JPS 1

# 1 Samuel 22:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Saul said: 'Hear now, thou son of Ahitub.' And he answered: 'Here I am, my lord.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Saul, thou, son, I · **What happens:** say, hear, answer, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 22:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, thou, son, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:648
# text = And Saul said: 'Hear now, thou son of Ahitub.' And he answered: 'Here I am, my lord.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nsubj	_	_
10	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Ahitub	Ahitub	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
15	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
19	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	ccomp	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
22	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	vocative	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
27	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hear** | infinitive | thou |  |  |  | now |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | son |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | my lord *vocative*; here *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל שְֽׁמַֽע־נָ֖א בֶּן־אֲחִיט֑וּב וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הִנְנִ֥י אֲדֹנִֽי׃

[1 Samuel 22:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.12/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:648` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Samuel 22:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.647/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 22:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.649/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 22:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.12/)