---
title: 1 Samuel 22:14 (JPS 1917) — Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said: 'And who among all thy s… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said: 'And who among all thy servants is so trusted as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and giveth heed unto thy bidding, and is honourable in thy house? Who acts: Ahimelech, David, thy. 1 Samuel 22:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# 1 Samuel 22:14 · JPS 1917

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Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said: 'And who among all thy servants is so trusted as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and giveth heed unto thy bidding, and is honourable in thy house?

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**Who acts:** Ahimelech, David, thy · **What happens:** answer, say, trust, be, give, bid · **To what, where:** king, son, law, heed, house · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 22:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ahimelech, David, thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:650
# text = Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said: 'And who among all thy servants is so trusted as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and giveth heed unto thy bidding, and is honourable in thy house?
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Ahimelech	Ahimelech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
11	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	among	among	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	16	det:predet	_	_
15	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
18	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	trusted	trust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	's	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
28	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	acl:relcl	_	_
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	32	punct	_	_
32	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	giveth	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
36	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	_
37	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	bidding	bidding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
42	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	43	cop	_	_
43	honourable	honourable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	conj	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
47	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Ahimelech |  | the king |  | then |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent king=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ahimelech *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **trust** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | as David | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** | present | David | the king's son |  | law |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **give** | present | David *not said here* | heed |  |  |  | unto thy bidding | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | present | David *not said here* |  |  | thy house |  | honourable *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **bid** |  | thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom bidding «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּ֧עַן אֲחִימֶ֛לֶךְ אֶת־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וַיֹּאמַ֑ר וּמִ֤י בְכָל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ כְּדָוִ֣ד נֶאֱמָ֔ן וַחֲתַ֥ן הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְסָ֥ר אֶל־מִשְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ךָ וְנִכְבָּ֥ד בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ׃

[1 Samuel 22:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:650` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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