---
title: 1 Samuel 22:16 (JPS 1917) — And the king said: 'Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the king said: 'Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all thy father's house.' Who acts: king, Thou. 1 Samuel 22:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 22:16 · JPS 1917

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And the king said: 'Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all thy father's house.'

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**Who acts:** king, Thou · **What happens:** say, die · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 22:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:652
# text = And the king said: 'Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all thy father's house.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
7	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nsubj	_	_
8	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Ahimelech	Ahimelech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	vocative	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nsubj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
17	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	21	det:predet	_	_
18	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	_
20	's	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the king |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **die** | shall | Thou |  |  |  |  | Ahimelech *vocative*; surely *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ מ֥וֹת תָּמ֖וּת אֲחִימֶ֑לֶךְ אַתָּ֖ה וְכָל־בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽיךָ׃

[1 Samuel 22:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:652` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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