---
title: 1 Samuel 22:22 (JPS 1917) — And David said unto Abiathar: 'I knew on that day, when Doeg the Edo… · tree and pragmatics
description: And David said unto Abiathar: 'I knew on that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul; I have brought about the death of all the persons of thy father's house. Who acts: David, I, Doeg, persons. 1 Samuel 22:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# 1 Samuel 22:22 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And David said unto Abiathar: 'I knew on that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul; I have brought about the death of all the persons of thy father's house.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David, I, Doeg, persons · **What happens:** say, know, be, tell, bring, die · **To what, where:** Saul, death · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 22:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, I, Doeg, persons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:658
# text = And David said unto Abiathar: 'I knew on that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul; I have brought about the death of all the persons of thy father's house.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Abiathar	Abiathar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	19	mark	_	_
15	Doeg	Doeg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Edomite	Edomite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advcl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
26	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
28	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
31	about	about	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	37	det:predet	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
39	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod:poss	_	_
41	's	's	PART	POS	_	40	case	_	_
42	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David |  |  |  |  | unto Abiathar | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **know** | past | I |  |  |  | day |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past | Doeg |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | would | David |  | Saul |  |  | surely *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent saul=Recipient |
| 5 | **bring** | present · perfect | I | the death of all persons of thy father's house |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent death=Theme |
| 6 | **die** |  | all persons of thy father's house |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד לְאֶבְיָתָ֗ר יָדַ֜עְתִּי בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ כִּֽי־שָׁם֙ דּוֹאֵ֣ג הָאֲדֹמִ֔י כִּֽי־הַגֵּ֥ד יַגִּ֖יד לְשָׁא֑וּל אָנֹכִ֣י סַבֹּ֔תִי בְּכָל־נֶ֖פֶשׁ בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽיךָ׃

[1 Samuel 22:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.22.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:658` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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