--- title: 1 Samuel 23:7 (JPS 1917) — And Saul said: 'God hath delivered him into my hand; for he is shut… · tree and pragmatics description: And Saul said: 'God hath delivered him into my hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.' Who acts: Saul, God, town. 1 Samuel 23:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.669/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/23/) / [23:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.7/) / JPS 2 # 1 Samuel 23:7 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 And Saul said: 'God hath delivered him into my hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.' **Who acts:** Saul, God, town · **What happens:** say, deliver, shut in, enter, have · **To what, where:** Saul, hand, town, gates · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 23:7 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, God, town), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:669 # text = And Saul said: 'God hath delivered him into my hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 6 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 7 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 delivered deliver VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 9 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ 10 into into ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 14 for for SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj:pass _ _ 16 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux:pass _ _ 17 shut shut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 advcl _ _ 18 in in ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 by by SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 21 entering enter VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 advcl _ _ 22 into into ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 25 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 26 nsubj _ _ 26 hath have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 acl:relcl _ _ 27 gates gate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 bars bar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 conj _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 31 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **deliver** | present · perfect | God | Saul | | my hand | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | | 3 | **shut in** | present · passive | | Saul | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **enter** | gerund | | | | a town | | | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into town=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **have** | present | a town | gates and bars | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֻּגַּ֣ד לְשָׁא֔וּל כִּי־בָ֥א דָוִ֖ד קְעִילָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֗וּל נִכַּ֨ר אֹת֤וֹ אֱלֹהִים֙ בְּיָדִ֔י כִּ֚י נִסְגַּ֣ר לָב֔וֹא בְּעִ֖יר דְּלָתַ֥יִם וּבְרִֽיחַ׃ [1 Samuel 23:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.7/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. [And it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.668/) 2. **And Saul said: 'God hath delivered him into my hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.'** **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:669` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 23:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.668/) - next →: [1 Samuel 23:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.670/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 23:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.7/)