--- title: 1 Samuel 23:10 (JPS 1917) — Then said David: 'O LORD, the God of Israel, Thy servant hath surely… · tree and pragmatics description: Then said David: 'O LORD, the God of Israel, Thy servant hath surely heard that Saul seeketh to come to Keilah, to destroy the city for my sake. Who acts: David, servant, Saul. 1 Samuel 23:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.672/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/23/) / [23:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.10/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 23:10 · JPS 1917 Then said David: 'O LORD, the God of Israel, Thy servant hath surely heard that Saul seeketh to come to Keilah, to destroy the city for my sake. **Who acts:** David, servant, Saul · **What happens:** say, hear, seek, come, destroy · **To what, where:** Keilah, city · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 23:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, servant, Saul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:672 # text = Then said David: 'O LORD, the God of Israel, Thy servant hath surely heard that Saul seeketh to come to Keilah, to destroy the city for my sake. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 advmod _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 6 O o INTJ UH _ 7 discourse _ _ 7 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 vocative _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 appos _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 servant servant NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 16 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 17 surely surely ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 ccomp _ _ 19 that that SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 20 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 seeketh seek VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 ccomp _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 xcomp _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 Keilah Keilah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 destroy destroy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 advcl _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 for for ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 sake sake NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David | | | | then | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **hear** | present · perfect | Thy servant | | | | | LORD *vocative*; surely *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 3 | **seek** | present | Saul | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **come** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Saul *not said here* | | | Keilah | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to keilah=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | Saul *not said here* | the city | | | | for my sake | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּאמֶר֮ דָּוִד֒ יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שָׁמֹ֤עַ שָׁמַע֙ עַבְדְּךָ֔ כִּֽי־מְבַקֵּ֥שׁ שָׁא֖וּל לָב֣וֹא אֶל־קְעִילָ֑ה לְשַׁחֵ֥ת לָעִ֖יר בַּעֲבוּרִֽי׃ [1 Samuel 23:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.10/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:672` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 23:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.671/) - next →: [1 Samuel 23:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.673/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 23:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.10/)