---
title: 1 Samuel 23:13 (JPS 1917) — Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and depart… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went whithersoever they could go. Who acts: men, David. 1 Samuel 23:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 23:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went whithersoever they could go.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** men, David · **What happens:** be, arise, depart, go · **To what, where:** six hundred, Keilah

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 23:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:675
# text = Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went whithersoever they could go.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	about	about	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	acl:relcl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
13	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	departed	depart	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Keilah	Keilah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
22	whithersoever	whithersoever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	25	advmod	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | David's men | six hundred |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **arise** | past | David and David's men |  |  |  | then |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **depart** | past | David and David's men *not said here* |  |  | Keilah |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out keilah=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **go** | past | David and David's men *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **go** | could | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | whithersoever *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּקָם֩ דָּוִ֨ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֜יו כְּשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֣וֹת אִ֗ישׁ וַיֵּצְאוּ֙ מִקְּעִלָ֔ה וַיִּֽתְהַלְּכ֖וּ בַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יִתְהַלָּ֑כוּ וּלְשָׁא֣וּל הֻגַּ֗ד כִּֽי־נִמְלַ֤ט דָּוִד֙ מִקְּעִילָ֔ה וַיֶּחְדַּ֖ל לָצֵֽאת׃

[1 Samuel 23:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.13/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went whithersoever they could go.**
2. [And it was told Saul that David was escaped from Keilah; and he forbore to go forth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.676/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:675` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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