---
title: 1 Samuel 23:14 (JPS 1917) — And David abode in the wilderness in the strongholds, and remained i… · tree and pragmatics
description: And David abode in the wilderness in the strongholds, and remained in the hill-country in the wilderness of Ziph. Who acts: David. 1 Samuel 23:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.677/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/23/) / [23:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.14/) / JPS 1

# 1 Samuel 23:14 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And David abode in the wilderness in the strongholds, and remained in the hill-country in the wilderness of Ziph.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David · **What happens:** abide, remain · **To what, where:** wilderness, hill country

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 23:14 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:677
# text = And David abode in the wilderness in the strongholds, and remained in the hill-country in the wilderness of Ziph.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	abode	abide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	strongholds	stronghold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	remained	remain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	_
17	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Ziph	Ziph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abide** | past | David |  |  | the wilderness |  | in the strongholds | tree rules |
| 2 | **remain** | past | David *not said here* |  |  | the hill country in the wilderness of Ziph |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּ֨שֶׁב דָּוִ֤ד בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ בַּמְּצָד֔וֹת וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב בָּהָ֖ר בְּמִדְבַּר־זִ֑יף וַיְבַקְשֵׁ֤הוּ שָׁאוּל֙ כָּל־הַיָּמִ֔ים וְלֹֽא־נְתָנ֥וֹ אֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּיָדֽוֹ׃

[1 Samuel 23:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.14/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And David abode in the wilderness in the strongholds, and remained in the hill-country in the wilderness of Ziph.**
2. [And Saul sought him every day, but God delivered him not into his hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.678/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:677` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Samuel 23:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.676/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 23:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.678/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 23:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.14/)