---
title: 1 Samuel 23:26 (JPS 1917) — And Saul went on this side of the mountain, and David and his men on… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Saul went on this side of the mountain, and David and his men on that side of the mountain; and David made haste to get away for fear of Saul; for Saul and his men compassed David and his men round about to take them. Who acts: Saul, David. 1 Samuel 23:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and
---

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# 1 Samuel 23:26 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Saul went on this side of the mountain, and David and his men on that side of the mountain; and David made haste to get away for fear of Saul; for Saul and his men compassed David and his men round about to take them.

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**Who acts:** Saul, David · **What happens:** go, make, get away, compass, take, fear · **To what, where:** side, haste, David, men, Saul

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 23:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:692
# text = And Saul went on this side of the mountain, and David and his men on that side of the mountain; and David made haste to get away for fear of Saul; for Saul and his men compassed David and his men round about to take them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
26	haste	haste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	acl	_	_
29	away	away	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
35	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
36	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	nsubj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
38	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	_
40	compassed	compass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
41	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
43	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	conj	_	_
45	round	round	ADV	RB	_	46	advmod	_	_
46	about	about	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
47	to	to	PART	TO	_	48	mark	_	_
48	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	advcl	_	_
49	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	obj	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Saul |  |  | this side of the mountain |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on side=Location |
| 2 | **make** | past | David | haste |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent haste=Product |
| 3 | **get away** | to-infinitive | David *not said here* | haste *not said here* |  |  |  | for fear of Saul; away *property* | vn withdraw-82-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **compass** | past | Saul and Saul's men | David and Saul's men |  |  |  | about *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **take** | to-infinitive | Saul and Saul's men *not said here* | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 6 | **fear** |  |  | Saul |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ שָׁא֜וּל מִצַּ֤ד הָהָר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְדָוִ֧ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֛יו מִצַּ֥ד הָהָ֖ר מִזֶּ֑ה וַיְהִ֨י דָוִ֜ד נֶחְפָּ֤ז לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל וְשָׁא֣וּל וַאֲנָשָׁ֗יו עֹֽטְרִ֛ים אֶל־דָּוִ֥ד וְאֶל־אֲנָשָׁ֖יו לְתָפְשָֽׂם׃

[1 Samuel 23:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.26/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:692` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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