---
title: 1 Samuel 25:1 (JPS 1917) — And Samuel died; and all Israel gathered themselves together, and la… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Samuel died; and all Israel gathered themselves together, and lamented him, and buried him in his house at Ramah. Who acts: Samuel, Israel. 1 Samuel 25:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 25:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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And Samuel died; and all Israel gathered themselves together, and lamented him, and buried him in his house at Ramah.

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**Who acts:** Samuel, Israel · **What happens:** die, gather, lament, bury · **To what, where:** themselves, Israel, house

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This is 1 Samuel 25:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Samuel, Israel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:721
# text = And Samuel died; and all Israel gathered themselves together, and lamented him, and buried him in his house at Ramah.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obj	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	lamented	lament	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	buried	bury	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Ramah	Ramah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | past | Samuel |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **gather** | past | all Israel | themselves *= they* |  |  |  | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme |
| 3 | **lament** | past | all Israel *not said here* | Israel |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 4 | **bury** | past | all Israel *not said here* | Israel |  | Israel's house at Ramah |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in house=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיָּ֣מָת שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיִּקָּבְצ֤וּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־ל֔וֹ וַיִּקְבְּרֻ֥הוּ בְּבֵית֖וֹ בָּרָמָ֑ה וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֔ד וַיֵּ֖רֶד אֶל־מִדְבַּ֥ר פָּארָֽן׃ס

[1 Samuel 25:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.1/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **And Samuel died; and all Israel gathered themselves together, and lamented him, and buried him in his house at Ramah.**
2. [And David arose, and went down to the wilderness of Paran.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.722/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:721` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Samuel 24:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.720/)
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- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.1/)