---
title: 1 Samuel 25:9 (JPS 1917) — And when David's young men came, they spoke to Nabal according to al… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when David's young men came, they spoke to Nabal according to all those words in the name of David, and ceased. Who acts: young men, shepherds. 1 Samuel 25:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 25:9 · JPS 1917

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And when David's young men came, they spoke to Nabal according to all those words in the name of David, and ceased.

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**Who acts:** young men, shepherds · **What happens:** come, speak, accord, cease, name · **To what, where:** Nabal, David · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 25:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young men, shepherds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:730
# text = And when David's young men came, they spoke to Nabal according to all those words in the name of David, and ceased.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
3	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	_
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Nabal	Nabal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	case	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	17	det:predet	_	_
16	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
17	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	ceased	cease	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | David's young men |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | shepherds *= shepherd* |  | Nabal |  |  | accord all words in the name of David | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to nabal=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **cease** | past | shepherds *= shepherd* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 5 | **name** |  |  | David |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ נַעֲרֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד וַיְדַבְּר֧וּ אֶל־נָבָ֛ל כְּכָל־הַדְּבָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה בְּשֵׁ֣ם דָּוִ֑ד וַיָּנֽוּחוּ׃

[1 Samuel 25:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:730` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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