--- title: 1 Samuel 25:10 (JPS 1917) — And Nabal answered David's servants, and said: 'Who is David? and wh… · tree and pragmatics description: And Nabal answered David's servants, and said: 'Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there are many servants now-a-days that break away every man from his master; Who acts: Nabal, David, many servants. 1 Samuel 25:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.731/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/) / [25:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.10/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 25:10 · JPS 1917 And Nabal answered David's servants, and said: 'Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there are many servants now-a-days that break away every man from his master; **Who acts:** Nabal, David, many servants · **What happens:** answer, say, be, break away · **To what, where:** servants, David, son, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 25:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nabal, David, many servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:731 # text = And Nabal answered David's servants, and said: 'Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there are many servants now-a-days that break away every man from his master; 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Nabal Nabal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod:poss _ _ 5 's 's PART POS _ 4 case _ _ 6 servants servant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 11 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ _ 12 Who who PRON WP PronType=Int 14 nsubj _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 ccomp _ _ 15 ? ? PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 who who PRON WP PronType=Int 20 nsubj _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 cop _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Jesse Jesse PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 23 ? ? PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ 24 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 25 expl _ _ 25 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 ccomp _ _ 26 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 servants servant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 28 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 32 advmod _ _ 29 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 32 punct _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 32 punct _ _ 32 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod:unmarked _ _ 33 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 nsubj _ _ 34 break break VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 acl:relcl _ _ 35 away away ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 36 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 37 det _ _ 37 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 38 from from ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 master master NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 41 ; ; PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: disagree - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed form=q, act=disagree, polarity=neg | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Nabal | David's servants | | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent servant=Eventuality | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Nabal *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **is a** | present | | David and the son | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **is a** | present | David and the son | the son | | | | of Jesse | tree rules | | 5 | **does** | present | many servants a days | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **break away** | present | many servants a days | every man | | | | from man's master; away *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent man=Patient from master=Co-Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיַּ֨עַן נָבָ֜ל אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י דָוִד֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר מִ֥י דָוִ֖ד וּמִ֣י בֶן־יִשָׁ֑י הַיּוֹם֙ רַבּ֣וּ עֲבָדִ֔ים הַמִּתְפָּ֣רְצִ֔ים אִ֖ישׁ מִפְּנֵ֥י אֲדֹנָֽיו׃ [1 Samuel 25:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.10/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:731` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.730/) - next →: [1 Samuel 25:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.732/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.10/)