---
title: 1 Samuel 25:12 (JPS 1917) — So David's young men turned on their way, and went back, and came an… · tree and pragmatics
description: So David's young men turned on their way, and went back, and came and told him according to all these words. Who acts: young men. 1 Samuel 25:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 25:12 · JPS 1917

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So David's young men turned on their way, and went back, and came and told him according to all these words.

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**Who acts:** young men · **What happens:** turn, go back, come, tell, accord · **To what, where:** way, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 25:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:733
# text = So David's young men turned on their way, and went back, and came and told him according to all these words.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	_
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	back	back	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	iobj	_	_
20	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	case	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	24	det:predet	_	_
23	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
24	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | David's young men |  |  | bread's way |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on way=Trajectory |
| 2 | **go back** | past | David's young men *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **come** | past | David's young men *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | David's young men *not said here* |  | man |  |  | accord all words | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 5 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיַּהַפְכ֥וּ נַעֲרֵֽי־דָוִ֖ד לְדַרְכָּ֑ם וַיָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ וַיָּבֹ֔אוּ וַיַּגִּ֣דוּ ל֔וֹ כְּכֹ֖ל הַדְּבָרִ֥ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃

[1 Samuel 25:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:733` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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