--- title: 1 Samuel 25:18 (JPS 1917) — Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottle… · tree and pragmatics description: Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses. Who acts: Abigail. 1 Samuel 25:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.739/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/) / [25:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.18/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 25:18 · JPS 1917 Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses. **Who acts:** Abigail · **What happens:** make, take, dress, parch, lay, measure · **To what, where:** haste, hundred loaves, five sheep, loaves, asses, parched corn This is 1 Samuel 25:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abigail), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:739 # text = Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 advmod _ _ 2 Abigail Abigail PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 haste haste NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 8 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 compound _ _ 9 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 10 nummod _ _ 10 loaves loaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 13 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 bottles bottle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 wine wine NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 20 nummod _ _ 20 sheep sheep NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 21 ready ready ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 advmod _ _ 22 dressed dress VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 acl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 26 measures measure NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 parched parch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 29 amod _ _ 29 corn corn NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 nummod _ _ 34 clusters cluster NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 raisins raisin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nmod _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 40 compound _ _ 40 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 41 nummod _ _ 41 cakes cake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 figs fig NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 nmod _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 46 laid lay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 47 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 obj _ _ 48 on on ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 asses ass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obl _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | Abigail | haste | | | then | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent haste=Product | | 2 | **take** | past | Abigail *not said here* | hundred loaves and two bottles of wine and five sheep and five measures of parched corn and hundred clusters of raisins and hundred cakes of figs | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loaf=Theme | | 3 | **dress** | participle | | five sheep *not said here* | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **parch** | participle | | | | | | | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **lay** | past | Abigail *not said here* | loaves *= loaf* | | asses | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme on ass=Destination | | 6 | **measure** | | | parched corn | | | | | nom measure «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַתְּמַהֵ֣ר אֲבִיגַ֡יִל וַתִּקַּח֩ מָאתַ֨יִם לֶ֜חֶם וּשְׁנַ֣יִם נִבְלֵי־יַ֗יִן וְחָמֵ֨שׁ צֹ֤אן עֲשׂוּיֹת֙וְחָמֵ֤שׁ סְאִים֙ קָלִ֔י וּמֵאָ֥ה צִמֻּקִ֖ים וּמָאתַ֣יִם דְּבֵלִ֑ים וַתָּ֖שֶׂם עַל־הַחֲמֹרִֽים׃ [1 Samuel 25:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:739` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.738/) - next →: [1 Samuel 25:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.740/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.18/)