---
title: 1 Samuel 25:31 (JPS 1917) — that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of hear… · tree and pragmatics
description: that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath found redress for himself. Who acts: this, thou, lord. 1 Samuel 25:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 25:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath found redress for himself.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** this, thou, lord · **What happens:** be, shed, find, offend · **To what, where:** stumbling block, blood, redress, heart

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 25:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, thou, lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:752
# text = that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath found redress for himself.
1	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
6	stumbling	stumbling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	_
8	block	block	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	13	cc	_	_
13	offence	offence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	either	either	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc:preconj	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
23	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	shed	shed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
25	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	without	without	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
30	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
31	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
33	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	conj	_	_
35	redress	redress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
36	for	for	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	34	obl	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | shall | this | no stumbling block nor offence of heart unto my lord |  |  |  | unto thee | tree rules |
| 2 | **shed** | present · perfect | thou | blood |  |  |  | without cause | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location blood=Source |
| 3 | **find** | present · perfect | my lord | redress |  |  |  | for lord | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent redress=Theme for himself=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **offend** |  |  | heart |  |  |  | unto my lord | nom offence «act transitive»: of=patient unto=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְלֹ֣א תִהְיֶ֣ה זֹ֣את ׀ לְךָ֡ לְפוּקָה֩ וּלְמִכְשׁ֨וֹל לֵ֜ב לַאדֹנִ֗י וְלִשְׁפָּךְ־דָּם֙ חִנָּ֔ם וּלְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֲדֹנִ֖י ל֑וֹ וְהֵיטִ֤ב יְהוָה֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י וְזָכַרְתָּ֖ אֶת־אֲמָתֶֽךָ׃ס

[1 Samuel 25:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.31/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath found redress for himself.**
2. [And when the LORD shall have dealt well with my lord, then remember thy handmaid.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.753/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:752` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.751/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 25:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.753/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.31/)