--- title: 1 Samuel 25:34 (JPS 1917) — For in very deed, as the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, who hath w… · tree and pragmatics description: For in very deed, as the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, who hath withholden me from hurting thee, except thou hadst made haste and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light so much as one male.' Who acts: LORD, thou, morning light. 1 Samuel 25:34 in JPS 1917 w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.756/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/) / [25:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.34/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 25:34 · JPS 1917 For in very deed, as the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, who hath withholden me from hurting thee, except thou hadst made haste and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light so much as one male.' **Who acts:** LORD, thou, morning light · **What happens:** live, withhold, hurt, make, come, meet · **To what, where:** me, thee, haste, one male, very deed This is 1 Samuel 25:34 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, thou, morning light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:756 # text = For in very deed, as the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, who hath withholden me from hurting thee, except thou hadst made haste and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light so much as one male.' 1 For for SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 2 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 very very ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 deed deed NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 as as SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 appos _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 liveth live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 advcl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 18 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 withholden withhold VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 acl:relcl _ _ 20 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ _ 21 from from SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 22 hurting hurt VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 advcl _ _ 23 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 22 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 except except SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 26 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 28 nsubj _ _ 27 hadst have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 41 advcl _ _ 29 haste haste NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 conj _ _ 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 meet meet VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 advcl _ _ 34 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 36 surely surely ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 37 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 41 expl _ _ 38 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 39 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 41 advmod _ _ 40 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 41 aux:pass _ _ 41 left leave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 42 unto unto ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 Nabal Nabal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 obl _ _ 44 by by ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 46 morning morning NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 compound _ _ 47 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ _ 48 so so ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 49 much much ADV RB _ 52 advmod _ _ 50 as as ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 51 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 52 nummod _ _ 52 male male NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj:pass _ _ 53 . . PUNCT . _ 41 punct _ _ 54 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 41 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **withhold** | present · perfect | the LORD | me | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **hurt** | gerund | the LORD *not said here* | thee | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thou=Patient | | 4 | **make** | past · perfect | thou | haste | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset haste=Product | | 5 | **come** | infinitive | thou *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **meet** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | me | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Co-Agent | | 7 | **not** **leave** | past · perfect · passive | the morning light | one male | | very deed; there | | unto Nabal; surely *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in deed=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְאוּלָ֗ם חַי־יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר מְנָעַ֔נִי מֵהָרַ֖ע אֹתָ֑ךְ כִּ֣י ׀ לוּלֵ֣י מִהַ֗רְתְּ וַתָּבֹאת֙ לִקְרָאתִ֔י כִּ֣י אִם־נוֹתַ֧ר לְנָבָ֛ל עַד־א֥וֹר הַבֹּ֖קֶר מַשְׁתִּ֥ין בְּקִֽיר׃ [1 Samuel 25:34: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.34/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:756` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:33 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.755/) - next →: [1 Samuel 25:35 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.757/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.34/)