---
title: 1 Samuel 25:44 (JPS 1917) — Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Palti the s… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim. Who acts: Saul, Palti. 1 Samuel 25:44 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 25:44 · JPS 1917

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Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.

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**Who acts:** Saul, Palti · **What happens:** give, be · **To what, where:** Michal, Palti

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This is 1 Samuel 25:44 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, Palti), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:766
# text = Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	Michal	Michal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Palti	Palti	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Laish	Laish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Gallim	Gallim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	acl:relcl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past · perfect | Saul | Michal | Palti |  | now |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent michal=Theme to palti=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | past | Palti |  |  |  |  | of Gallim | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְשָׁא֗וּל נָתַ֛ן אֶת־מִיכַ֥ל בִּתּ֖וֹ אֵ֣שֶׁת דָּוִ֑ד לְפַלְטִ֥י בֶן־לַ֖יִשׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִגַּלִּֽים׃

[1 Samuel 25:44: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.44/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:766` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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